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The ICM Saga Continues…

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It’s Thursday; meeting time. The vendor explains the requirements from the RFP did not accurately reflect what needed to be performed by the ICM solution. “Because the scope of the project did not include all this additional work, it will cost more and take more time to complete”, says the vendor calmly. “But your sales rep said it would not be a problem!”, exclaims the comp director of ABC Corp. “We specifically asked about this during the presentation and your rep said it you could do it!”.

The vendor finally agrees that because the relationship between their companies is valuable and because of their strong work ethics, they will honor the agreed cost and do everything they can to meet the deadlines.

However, problems keep piling up. The ICM solution is not intended to perform what would be required for the compensation plans to work how they are supposed to work. Data integration, workarounds and clever tweaking pushes the ICM solution to its limit. The client is asked to only include what is absolutely necessary in this release and push out the rest. The deadline is missed. The solution is finally implemented, but User Acceptance Testing keeps revealing new issues. The second pay-roll date is approaching but there is still no solution in sight.

Does this sound like a familiar situation?
Who should be blamed?
The vendor’s implementation team for not working harder, their sales rep for having mis-represented their solution or not asked for more detailed requirements, or the ICM solution for not being powerful enough? ABC Corp’s team or their consultant for not having defined the requirements properly?

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The Saga of Purchasing an ICM System

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ABC Corp hired a consultant with extensive Incentive Compensation Management (ICM) experience to scope the requirements to be included in the Request for Proposal (RFP) for the purchase of a new ICM solution. The consultant diligently researched the latest industry trends, ICM best practices, client needs and leveraged his experience to create an outstanding requirement document. Weeks later the RFP is born, after having spent countless hours being sent back and forth between the sales, finance, contract and legal departments.

The RFP is finally posted and it takes a few more weeks before all the proposals are in. The consultant is called again to help out evaluating the best proposal. A few solutions are short-listed, and vendors are called in to demonstrate their product. The vendor’s sales reps all claim their solution is the only end-to-end ICM solution, that it is the “best-of-breed”, and that it has the best analytics and reporting capabilities.
After thoughtful consideration, a solution is chosen. It was a hard decision, but everyone at ABC Corp are happy that this long procurement process is finally over. ABC Corp’s management is particularly happy that according to the timelines illustrated in the selected proposal, the solution will be in place to process this quarter’s commissions and bonuses. After all, this was one of the major criteria in the evaluation process.
A kick-off meeting between the vendor’s implementation team and ABC Corp’s employees is scheduled. The vendor requests to see all the existing documentation about the plans to be implemented including the requirements document, to start working on the functional design documents and solution architecture. The next meeting is scheduled for Thursday.

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Tweak your Sales Compensation Plan - A Tale of Diverging Opinions

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In case you are not familiar with it, the Canadian Professional Sales Association (CPSA) has an excellent magazine called “Contact”. The best part is that this magazine is entirely available online, for free, and without any registration. Today I wanted to bring your attention to an article by Jay Somerset called “The Compensation Challenge” which appeared in the Contact Spring 2008 edition.

“It may be time to change - or tweak - your sales compensation plan to better compete in today’s employee-driven market, but if it is done incorrectly you could send your sales team packing. ”

Indeed, tweaking a sales plan is tricky business. Stats mentioned in the article back this up: Less than 10% of North American sales organizations redesign their comp plans in a given year, while the other 90 percent only perform minor tweaks. I think ideally, closer to 100% organizations should only perform minor tweaks. Redesigning a plan could be a sign that it had not been planned out properly, and sometimes organizations are compulsive about trying new plans rather than improving their existing plans by tweaking them.

Diverging Opinions
Greg Blysniuk, president of TopLine Sales Compensation Solutions in Toronto advocates simplicity. He says that sales managers often believe their compensation plans must be sophisticated and complex to compete; Greg believes one or two quantitative measures is all what is required to incent people and to ensure the plans are easy to understand.

David Johnston, president of Sales Resource Group Inc in Oakville, Ontario believes compensation plans should factor in qualitative metrics. “Qualitative metrics can be measured according to milestones or key events”.

ICM Applications:
Greg says the main barrier to adopt an ICM application is their cost. He is in favor of using Excel spreadsheets for compensation data collection and analysis. He says that “Spreadsheets are simple to use, inexpensive and they do the basic job”.

David does not agree; he says that spreadsheets are “too basic and error-prone”. He also says that “sales is much too complex for a spreadsheet”. He concludes that there is a middle ground with smaller-scale on-demand ICM applications such as PlanIt (which I reviewed previously), that do not require a large upfront cost.

The Bottom Line:

No matter which approach is used, I’m sure we can all agree that the goal is to make the compensation plans as straightforward as possible. If there is a valid reason for a plan to use some “complex” measurement, fine… as long as it’s easy to understand and clearly communicated to the payees.

As for the need for an ICM application; if an organization is small enough with a low enough order volume and is happy with their current spreadsheet, and if they don’t see any benefits in real-time analytics and dashboards, auditability, modeling, forecasting, and all the other benefits provided by an ICM solution, then there probably no incentive to replace the spreadsheet by such an application.

I agree with Greg that spreadsheets do the “basic job”, but in my experience it does not take very long even for small organizations to realize that the “basic job” is not enough anymore to keep a competitive advantage.

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The Sales Manager and the Bear

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Once in a while I review the statistics for this blog to find out which keywords people use to find me. Surprisingly, people often find this blog when looking for funny sales compensation jokes. Here is a good one for your enjoyment.

The Sales Manager and the Bear
A sales manager and an operation manager went bear hunting. While the operation manager stayed in the cabin, the sales manager went out looking for a bear. He soon found a huge bear, shot at it but only wounded it.

The enraged bear charged toward the sales manager, who started running for the cabin as fast as he could. He ran pretty fast but the bear was just a little faster and gained on him with every step. Just as he reached the open cabin door, he tripped and fell flat.

Too close behind to stop, the bear jumped over him and went rolling into the cabin. The sales manager jumped up, closed the cabin door and yelled to his friend inside, “You skin this one while I go and get another!”

Source: http://www.workjoke.com/projoke60.htm (Not all jokes here are politically correct)

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Common Pitfalls in Sales Compensation Design

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Today I attended the “Common Pitfalls in Sales Compensation Design” webinar, hosted by Makana Solutions, featuring guest speaker Donya Rose, Founding Partner of the Cygnal Group, a sales compensation consulting company.

I did not manage to get the audio working (the toll-free number was only for Americans and the International number was out-of-service). However I will quickly recap the major pitfalls identified, based on the presentation deck.
Pitfall 1: Sales Credit Wars
Symptom: Time is spent fighting over who is supposed to get credit
Cause: Lack of documentation, rules not formalized
Cost: Lost sales, management distraction, potentially double crediting, morale issues
Solution: Document the policies and credit-sharing criteria
My comment: Another cost which must be considered is the waste of time for the comp team trying to resolve issues and conflicts. In large organizations this can be a huge time burden. However it is generally fairly easy to minimize this situation by having well established rules.

Pitfall 2: Too many Measures
Symptom: Sales people ignore some of the required results and only focus on what makes them earn the biggest commission
Cause: Too many measures…
Cost: Lack of focus, compensation hard relate to actual results
Solution: Only use a few measures.
My Comment: This is a topic I addressed a few times on this blog. Consultants generally agree that there should be no more than 3 independent measures.
Pitfall 3: Commissions Rates only go up
Symptom: Sales people can earn too much money compared to the value they bring
Cause: Commission rates are related to the level of sales even if those sales are attributable to windfalls.
Cost: Comp cost is not in line with sales contribution
Solution: The commission rate should diminish passed a certain performance level
My Comment: A “regressive” commission can protect against an unexpected windfall, but can also avoid an excessive payout caused by a quota set too low.
I often see different rules, formulas and quotas used for orders exceeding a certain mount to avoid a windfall scenario.
Pitfall 4: Extraordinary Performance is Over-Rewarded
Symptom: Dependence on over-achiever sales people
Cause: Over-performance is too attractive to sales people
Cost: Sales people developed entitlement and demanding attitude, more risks
Solution: Use appropriate deceleration in commission rates
My Comment: Deceleration does not necessarily needs to be applied as soon as the initial target is reached. I have often seen cases where the rate increased once the target was reached, and decelerated after another performance level was attained.
Pitfall 5: Unattainable Goals
Symptom: Sales people give-up because goals are too high
Cause: Goal setting issue
Cost: Lack of motivation and engagement, results below expectations
Solution: Set goals appropriately
My Comment: Goal setting should be based on historical data if possible to be “just right”. Making goals too easy to attain can lead to other problems such as a lack of motivation to exceed goals if rate decreases after, or an excessive commission payout.
Pitfall 6: “Phantom Base”
Symptom: Sales People whose salary largely depends on commissions act like they are salaried and under-achieve.
Cause: Compensation plans that pay too much for prior-year sales
Cost: Sub-optimal level of performance, losing account acquisition and penetration skills
Solution: Pay more for new business and less for prior-year sales
Pitfall 7: First Dollar Commission + Base
Symptom: Sales people are too comfortable with below-target earnings
Cause: Sales people are paid a significant base salary and earn commission on sales from first dollar
Cost: Income+Commission too high for actual productivity
Solution: Only pay commission after a threshold level of sales is achieved
My Comment: Other alternatives are possible to fix this situation. The entire compensation mix could be re-evaluated and the base salary could be lowered. It would also be possible to adjust the commission rate before a threshold to minimize the impact of removing commission completely before a certain threshold.

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Measuring Sales Force Performance (KPI)

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Google “Key Performance Indicator” and you will find enough KPI information to feel dizzy. It is important to know the difference between a performance indicator - some metric that we want to track - and the “key Performance Indicators” - or the most crucial performance indicators, those on which people are generally compensated on.

A recent article “Measuring Sales Force Performance” at gulfnews.com gives a few examples of performance indicators.

Customer and product related Measures:
- Number of new customers acquired
- Sales by product
- Sales by customer segment
- New product sales

Process Measures:
- Productivity
- Channel mix
- Turn-around time
- Number of calls made
- Number of prospects generated

Financial Measures:
- Sales value by geography
- Profitability
- Cost of acquisition
- Attrition
- Book growth
- Fee Income

Measuring metrics is one thing, but interpreting all the data collected is essential and usually the biggest challenge. There are a lot of industry benchmarks that can be used as indicators of how the company is performing compared to their competitors. Measures can also be compared against some framework, analyst point of view or analytics.

However I think the author of the article is entirely correct when he says that internal benchmarks are better because “they tell you what the best team can do in the same situation”. I think that performance indicator’s most valuable insight comes from comparing the metrics against historical data.

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